Migración vertical de agua residual tratada inyectada en el acuífero salino de Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo
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ene 8, 2026
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https://doi.org/10.36677/rici.v4i1.26915
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Luis González-Hita
Blanca Carteño-Martínez
Dustin Silverio Mañón-Flores
Miguel Ángel Mejía-González
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-1100
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8921-1100
Resumen
El acuífero que subyace la ciudad de Playa del Carmen Quintana Roo es la única fuente de agua potable. El acuífero se localiza en la costa de la Península de Yucatán, es no confinado y consiste de tres capas: agua dulce, mezcla y agua salada. La geología consiste de calizas karsticas fracturadas altamente permeables. Debido a las condiciones hidrogeológicas de la zona, el agua residual tratada se inyecta hacia la capa de agua salina que subyace el agua dulce, por medio de pozos. Debido al deterioro de la calidad del agua de algunos pozos y cenotes localizados cerca de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales, se consideró necesario caracterizar los flujos del agua residual inyectada para determinar posibles interconexiones hidrogeológicas, entre los sitios de absorción del agua residual y el agua dulce contaminada. Se utilizaron métodos hidrogeoquímicos, trazadores químicos fluorescentes, e isotopos estables del agua, para determinar las posibles interconexiones. Los trazadores indicaron que el agua residual inyectada en las plantas de tratamiento, emerge en las zonas de agua dulce adyacentes a las plantas de tratamiento, así como en algunos cenotes. Los isótopos estables mostraron que el agua del pozo Ejidal, así como los cenotes Chano A, Chaak- Tun, Tulipanes, y Lindavista, contienen agua residual. Los perfiles verticales de temperatura y conductividad, mostraron que el agua residual no permanece en el estrato salino donde se inyectó, sino que asciende hasta el estrato de agua dulce. Este estudio de caso reveló que el sistema de eliminación de aguas residuales que se utiliza actualmente de forma generalizada en la península de Yucatán, podría contaminar el acuífero de agua dulce y en última instancia, la zona costera.
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GONZÁLEZ-HITA, Luis et al.
Migración vertical de agua residual tratada inyectada en el acuífero salino de Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo.
Ideas en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, [S.l.], v. 4, n. 1, p. 17-38, ene. 2026.
ISSN 2992-7447.
Disponible en: <https://ideasencienciasingenieria.uaemex.mx/article/view/26915>. Fecha de acceso: 26 ago. 2026
doi: https://doi.org/10.36677/rici.v4i1.26915.
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Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObrasDerivadas 4.0.
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[36] K. Froehlich, M. Kralik, W. Papesch, D. Rank, H. Scheifinger, and W. Stichler, “Deuterium excess in precipitation of alpine regions – moisture recycling,” Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, vol. 44, no. 1, pp. 61–70, 2008.